大部份作業系統都依賴netstat這工具，只是在console上要顯示美美的需要加工

Windows (PowerShell)

function Get-NetworkStatistics 
{ 
    $properties = 'Protocol','LocalAddress','LocalPort' 
    $properties += 'RemoteAddress','RemotePort','State','ProcessName','PID'

    netstat -ano | Select-String -Pattern '\s+(TCP|UDP)' | ForEach-Object {

        $item = $_.line.split(" ",[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries)

        if($item[1] -notmatch '^\[::') 
        {            
            if (($la = $item[1] -as [ipaddress]).AddressFamily -eq 'InterNetworkV6') 
            { 
               $localAddress = $la.IPAddressToString 
               $localPort = $item[1].split('\]:')[-1] 
            } 
            else 
            { 
                $localAddress = $item[1].split(':')[0] 
                $localPort = $item[1].split(':')[-1] 
            } 

            if (($ra = $item[2] -as [ipaddress]).AddressFamily -eq 'InterNetworkV6') 
            { 
               $remoteAddress = $ra.IPAddressToString 
               $remotePort = $item[2].split('\]:')[-1] 
            } 
            else 
            { 
               $remoteAddress = $item[2].split(':')[0] 
               $remotePort = $item[2].split(':')[-1] 
            } 

            New-Object PSObject -Property @{ 
                PID = $item[-1] 
                ProcessName = (Get-Process -Id $item[-1] -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Name 
                Protocol = $item[0] 
                LocalAddress = $localAddress 
                LocalPort = $localPort 
                RemoteAddress =$remoteAddress 
                RemotePort = $remotePort 
                State = if($item[0] -eq 'tcp') {$item[3]} else {$null} 
            } | Select-Object -Property $properties 
        } 
    } 
}

Get-NetworkStatistics | Where-Object {$_.State -eq 'LISTENING'} | Sort-Object -Property PID  | Format-Table

AIX (ksh)

#!/bin/ksh
OS_NAME=$( uname -s )
if [[ $OS_NAME == "AIX" ]] ; then
    echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
    printf "| %-20s | %-15s | Protocol | %-30s |\n" "Process" "PID" "Listening On";
    echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
    netstat -Ana | awk '
    /[0-9\*].[0-9].+LISTEN/ {
        SOCKET=$1;
        IPPORT=$5;
        "rmsock " SOCKET " tcpcb" | getline SOCKOUT;
        split(SOCKOUT, sockarray, " ");
        gsub(/[\.\(\)]/, "", sockarray[10]);
        LISTENERS[ sprintf("| %-20s | %15d | %8s | %30s |", sockarray[10], sockarray[9], "TCP", IPPORT) ] = 1;
    }
    /udp.*.[0-9]/ {
        SOCKET=$1;
        IPPORT=$5;
        "rmsock " SOCKET " inpcb" | getline SOCKOUT;
        split(SOCKOUT, sockarray, " ");
        gsub(/[\.\(\)]/, "", sockarray[10]);
        LISTENERS[ sprintf("| %-20s | %15d | %8s | %30s |", sockarray[10], sockarray[9], "UDP", IPPORT) ] = 1;
    }
    END {
        for (var in LISTENERS)
            print var
    }' | sort | uniq
    echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
else
    echo "ERROR: Requires AIX"
    exit 1
fi

Mac或Linux，直接用lsof指令就好

jemmy$ lsof -nP -i | grep LISTEN
 rapportd   571 jemmy    4u  IPv4 0xebbeb717fa1efb2d      0t0  TCP *:49189 (LISTEN)
 rapportd   571 jemmy    5u  IPv6 0xebbeb717f468155d      0t0  TCP *:49189 (LISTEN)
 mosquitto  616 jemmy    5u  IPv6 0xebbeb717f468403d      0t0  TCP *:1883 (LISTEN)
 mosquitto  616 jemmy    6u  IPv4 0xebbeb717fd199dd5      0t0  TCP *:1883 (LISTEN)

Linux，直接用netstat

sudo netstat -tulpn | grep LISTEN